Part1. What is Sophora root extract?
Sophora root extract is the extract of Sophora flavescens, a leguminous plant, and the main active ingredient, oxymatrine, contains more than 98%. It has the functions of clearing away heat and dampness, killing insects and diuresis. It is used for dysentery, blood in the stool, jaundice and anuria, red and white vaginal discharge, pruritus vulvae, eczema, eczema, skin itching, mange and leprosy, external treatment of trichomonal vaginitis.
Part2. Pharmacological effects
1. Protect gastric mucosa
Sophora flavescens extract has a significant protective effect on gastric mucosal damage caused by hydrochloric acid, ethanol, and indomethacin, and its main components are flavanone compounds. Recent studies have shown that matrine is also one of the active ingredients of matrine in resisting gastric mucosal damage, and it has a significant effect on gastric mucosal damage caused by stress, hydrochloric acid, ethanol, and indomethacin in rats. Protective effects. It shows that Sophora flavescens may have certain anti-ulcer effect.
2. Anti-inflammatory effect
Matrine has a significant antidote to acute exudative inflammation caused by various inflammatory agents (croton oil, glacial acetic acid, carrageenan, egg white), similar to hydrocortisone. Studies have shown that this product has non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug properties. In addition, matrine has a stabilizing effect on red blood cell membranes, and drugs that have a stabilizing effect on red blood cells often have a stabilizing effect on lysosomal membranes, thereby reducing the release of inflammatory mediators and achieving anti-inflammatory purposes.
3. Anti-tumor effect
Matrine has a significant inhibitory effect on the production rate of peripheral multitropic hematopoietic progenitor cell colonies in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Sophora flavescens water decoction acts on human promyelocytic leukemia cells cultured in vitro, and can significantly induce the differentiation of leukemia cells into mononuclear macrophages.
4. Raising white blood cells
Oxymatrine can prevent mice from leukopenia caused by MMC and cyclophosphamide, and intravenous or intramuscular injection of total matrine and oxymatrine can significantly increase the number of peripheral blood leukocytes in normal rabbits , and compared with total matrine, the effective time, maintenance time and peak value of white blood cell count of oxymatrine on the whitening effect of normal rabbits are basically the same within 18 days after administration, and the whitening effect is better than that of shark liver alcohol.
5. The effect on the cardiovascular system
Intravenous injection of matrine and oxymatrine significantly antagonized aconitine and chloroform-epinephrine-induced arrhythmia in rats; intraperitoneal injection significantly antagonized chloroform-induced ventricular fibrillation in mice, and also improved aconitine-induced arrhythmia in rats The required dosage is against barium chloride-induced arrhythmia in rats and arrhythmia induced by ligation of the anterior descending coronary artery in rats.
6. Anti-asthma and expectorant effect
Matrine produces anti-asthma effect mainly by stimulating β-receptors, especially the β-receptors in the excitatory center, relieving bronchospasm and inhibiting the release of antibodies and slow-reacting substances.
7. Stabilization
Matrine total alkaloids can significantly inhibit the free activities of mice; significantly inhibit the passive activities of mice; high doses can inhibit the fighting behavior of lonely mice.
8. Anti-allergic effect
Matrine can reduce the release of allergic mediators, and its concentration of inhibiting 50% OT cell proliferation is 0.55-0.56 mg/ml; the concentration of inhibiting IL-2 production is 0.1 mg/kg.
9. Immunosuppressive effect
Both matrine and oxymatrine have inhibitory effects on the immune function of mice.
10. Antifungal effect
Sophora flavescens decoction has inhibitory effect on common skin fungi.
11. Antibacterial effect
Sophora flavescens extract has inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and so on.
12. Effects on central nervous system
When matrine was injected into rabbits, the central nervous system was found to be paralyzed, convulsions occurred at the same time, and eventually respiratory arrest and death occurred. Injected into frogs, they are excited at first, then paralyzed, breathing becomes slow and irregular, and then convulsions occur, resulting in death due to respiratory arrest. The convulsions may be caused by hyperreflexia of the spinal cord.
13. Antiarrhythmic effect
Sophora flavescens has a good resistance to arrhythmia caused by aconitine, sympathetic amine, and digitalis poisoning, and its effect is quite similar to quinidine. That is, by affecting the potassium and sodium conduction system of the myocardial cell membrane, the absolute refractory period of the myocardium is prolonged and the stress is reduced, thereby inhibiting the ectopic pacemaker and exerting an antiarrhythmic effect.
14. Toxic effects
Oral overdose of Sophora flavescens can cause poisoning. Symptoms include salivation, irregular steps, rapid breathing, rapid pulse, convulsions, and finally death due to respiratory arrest. Rescue method: gastric lavage, catharsis, egg white, tannic acid, strong tea, and intravenous infusion of glucose saline can be used when convulsions do not occur. Intramuscular injection of phenobarbital and other antispasmodics during convulsions, and respiratory stimulants for respiratory disorders.
