Burdock, the name of traditional Chinese medicine. It is the dried ripe fruit of the biennial herb Arctium lappa L. in the family Asteraceae. Also known as Hercules, rat sticky, evil reality, etc. In autumn, when the fruits are ripe, the fruit sequence is harvested, dried, the fruit is beaten, impurities are removed, and then dried in the sun. Use raw or stir-fry, mash when using. It has the effect of evacuating wind heat, promoting lung dialysis, improving pharyngeal dispersion, detoxification and swelling. It belongs to the antidote drug that dissipates wind heat. Modern research shows that burdock can also be used to prevent and treat diabetic nephropathy; Burdock fruit contains burdock glycosides hydrolyzed to produce amdockin with anticancer activity.
Medicinal properties of traditional Chinese medicine
Sexual taste attribution
spicy taste; Bitter; Chills. return to the lungs; Gastric meridian.
(1) "Farewell": "Spicy, flat." ”
(2) "Materia Medica": "Bitter taste. ”
(3) "Pearl Sac": "Xin, pure yang." ”
(4) "Medical Origin": ""The Secret of the Treatment" cloud: Xin, Wen. ”
(5) "Pearl Sac Replenishment Medicinal Sexual Fu": "Wei Xinping. Slightly cold, non-toxic. Descend also, yang also.
"Materia Medica": "The taste is bitter, cold, non-toxic." The yin in the yang, rising more than falling, the yang also. Start with the Taiyin and Foot Yangming Sutra. ”
Efficacy
Burdock - a protoplant
evacuation of wind heat; Pulmonary dialysis; Loose throat; Detoxify and reduce swelling.
Attending
Wind-heat cough; Sore throat; Impermeable macules; Rubella itching; Sores and swelling.
Dosage
Internal: decoction, 5-10g; Or into powder. External use: Appropriate amount, decoction soup contains gargle.
Contraindicated for medication
The product can slip the intestines, and those with weak qi and loose stool should not be used. "Materia Medica": Acne sores are only suitable for blood heat and constipation, if the qi is weak and white stool self-interest or diarrhea, be careful not to take it. Sha rash is not afraid of diarrhea, so it is harmless to use it. Carbuncle has ulcerated, not constipation.
Medicinal matching
1. With duckweed, the harmony disperses wind and heat, penetrates the rash and poison, dispels wind and relieves itching, uses external sensation of wind heat, sore throat and other symptoms, measles dialysis disorders, wind heat hidden rash itching and other symptoms.
2.With yam, one supplement and one clear, clear the legal, so declare lung qi, clear lung heat, strengthen the spleen and stomach, expectorant cough power enhancement, with the treatment of spleen and stomach weakness, lung qi weakness, phlegm dampness endogenous, stop the airway, so that the chest is full, cough shortness of breath, throat water chicken sound, fatigue and other symptoms, chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma bias deficiency available.
3. With forsythia, and walk on it, clear heat and detoxification, anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving, dispel wind and itching, enhance the power of rash poisoning, use heat to gather and coke, so that mouth and tongue sores, swollen and painful gums, sore throat and other symptoms, carbuncle sores, wind heat itching, macules and other symptoms.
4. With ginseng, it must be used for use, the detoxification and pharyngeal work is doubled, and the throat is red and swollen and painful caused by external fever, such as acute tonsillitis, pharyngitis, etc.
5. With licorice, it is used to treat lung swelling and sore throat through wind heat or lung heat, heat toxicity, inflammation, such as acute pharyngitis, tonsillitis, etc.
6. With mint, it plays the function of relieving wind and clearing heat, and sharpening the throat, and using external wind and heat.
7. With bellflower stem, the strength of the lungs is greatly increased, and it can be used to feel wind and heat extraterritorially, cough and phlegm is not good, and sore throat can be used.
Clinical application
1. Used for wind, heat and cold, sore throat. The product is hard to disperse bitterness, cold can clear heat, so it has the effect of evacuating wind heat, promoting lung and pharyngeal effects, used to treat wind fever cold, sore throat, often with silver flower, forsythia, jingqing, bellflower and other uses, such as silver warp; If the wind is hot, the throat is swollen and sore, and the heat toxicity is worse, it can be used with rhubarb, peppermint, jingle mustard, and windproof, such as burdock soup; If the wind and heat cough, phlegm is not smooth, often with jingqing, bellflower, front beard, licorice.
2. Used for measles impermeability. The product is clear and dispersed, can evacuate wind heat, vent heat poison and promote rash penetration, use to treat measles impermeability or permeability and concealment, often with mint, wattle, cicada, comfrey and so on, such as rash soup.
3. Used for carbuncle sore poison, gills and throat paralysis. The product is hard and cold, in the rise and float and has the ability to clear the fall, can dissipate wind heat outside, release its poison inside, have the effect of clearing heat and detoxification, reducing swelling and pharynx, and the sex is slippery, and can also benefit two stools, so it can be used to cure wind and heat external attack, fire poison internal knot, pain and sore poison, both constipation, often with rhubarb, glaze, gardenia, forsythia, mint and the same; The product is used with melon, forsythia, smallpox powder, green peel, etc., and can be used to treat liver depression and fire, stomach heat and carbuncle evidence, such as melon burdock soup; The product is used with ginseng, skullcap, huanglian, banlan root, etc., and can also be used to cure heat poison such as pestilence, gills and throat, such as Puji disinfectant drink.
Chemical composition
The fruit contains arctiin, which hydrolyzes to generate arctigenin and glucose. It also contains matairesinol, trachelogenin, sesquiligenan, AL-D and AL-F. The seeds contain burdock glycosides, lap-paol A, B, C, D, E, F, H. It also contains fatty oil, of which fatty acids are: arachitic acid, steraic acid, palmitic acid and linoleic acid.
Pharmacological action
Antibacterial and antiviral effect
Burdock seed water infusion (1:2) has antibacterial effect on 9 pathogenic fungi in the test tube, including cocoon-colored Trichophyton, concentric Trichophyton, Xanthophyton xanthophyta, Microblastophyton oduan, Microblastocytophytosis olyticus, Epidermophyton inguinuida, Epidermophyton erythrophytes, Agadermophytophytes, Cardia astrocarica, and Small-supine rust-colored Ringworm. Burdock extract has been shown to have anti-AIDS (HIv) activity.
Hypoglycemic effect
Burdock extract can significantly lower blood sugar for a long time and improve carbohydrate tolerance in rats. Normal mice with burdock containing 0.25%.
Diet or its decoction instead of drinking water for 28 days, the results did not affect the glucose balance parameters in mice, while for streptocin diabetic mice, burdock can aggravate diabetes symptoms.
Calcium antagonism
Guinea pig colon band test proves. Metstone glycosides have a pronounced calcium antagonistic effect. It has an inhibitory effect on contraction caused by high potassium, and the PA2 value is 6.60, which is 1/6 of the commonly used calcium antagonist verapamil, and has obvious and long-lasting antihypertensive effect on spontaneously hypertensive rats with intravenous injection of 10mg/kg.
Effects on nephropathy
Intraperitoneal injection of aminonucleoside in rats caused nephropathy, and intraperitoneal injection of burdockin could inhibit the increase of urine protein excretion and improve serum biochemical indexes, suggesting antinephropathy effect. Pertoneal injection of burdock has little effect on increased protein excretion, but oral administration is effective, presumably due to hydrolysis of burdockin in the digestive tract to produce antinephrotic effects.
Antitumor and antimutagenic effect
An anti-mutagenic factor is isolated from burdock. The relative molecular mass exceeds 300,000 or more. Heat-resistant, protease-resistant, sensitive to manganese chloride treatment.
Other effects
Burdockin has a dilating effect on the lower limbs of frogs and rabbit ear blood vessels, temporarily lowers blood pressure, and inhibits or paralyzes the uterus, intestinal tube, motor nerves and bone network muscles of isolated rabbits. It has mild diuretic and laxative effects.
Toxic side effects
Amdockin can cause tonic convulsions in frogs, mice and rabbits. Breathing is weak, voluntary movements disappear, and finally it turns into a paralyzed state, when the heart has not stopped beating.
Clinical research
1.Treatment of diabetic nephropathy
The researchers took streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes rats as animal models, and the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine was mainly to give burdock seed powder feed, burdock water extract and alcohol extract for 6 weeks of experiments, and observed the general condition of rats and changes in urine protein, urine microalbumin and kidney function, and found that burdock extract could significantly improve the symptoms of polydipsia, polyphagia and emaciation in STZ rats.
The results showed that MCP-1 was the most important cytokine infiltrated by chemotactic monocytes in tissues, and was the main chemotaxis factor that activated macrophages. Studies have shown that the infiltration of monocytes in the glomeruli is associated with the accumulation of extracellular matrix and the development of glomerulosclerosis, and Rovin et al. have shown that the kidney can synthesize MCP-1 locally during DN, and MCP-1 is related to glomerular damage.
Experimental and clinical studies have shown that the expression and protein content of TGFp1mRNA in biopsy tissues of diabetic rats and patients with diabetic nephropathy are significantly increased, accompanied by renal hypertrophy and extracellular matrix hyperplasia.
The results of the experiment showed that TGF-plmRNA expression could be reduced in each drug group, and there were significant differences compared with the model group. There were no other significant differences between the treatment group and the burdock water extraction group compared with the normal group, and the difference was large compared with the burdock powder group. Experiments have proved that it can prevent diabetic nephropathy.
2.Passage of feces
From the analysis of the sexual taste effect of burdock seed, its laxative mechanism mainly involves the following three aspects. First, moisturize the intestines. Burdock seeds are the seeds of burdock, rich in oil and smooth. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that the main components of burdock are burdock glycosides and fatty oils, which have the effect of moisturizing the intestines and laxative. Clinical experience, burdock seeds are hard and cold, and the effect of sliding intestines is strong, so that for constipation patients, rhubarb, glaucous nitrate, hemp seeds, and reuse burdock seeds 24g alone, which shows this meaning. Second, lower lung gas. The lungs are the main qi, and the large intestine is the surface. The passage of the intestines depends on the declaration of lung qi. If the lungs are lost, the large intestine is weakened, resulting in intestinal qi failure. Therefore, laxation must first treat the lungs. Burdock seeds enter the lungs and can lower lung qi. For example, Zhang Xichunyun: "Burdock can reduce the reverse of lung qi" and "Su Zi and burdock can clear phlegm and reduce the reverse, so that the adverse qi turns downward" ("Medical Sincerity in the West Record"). With its laxative, there is a magic of "lifting the pot and removing the lid". Third, lower stomach gas. When stomach gas descends, food residues are transported to the large intestine, and then become stool and excreted. Burdock seeds into the stomach meridian, "hard work and hardship, downward force is more" ("Materia Medica"), can reduce stomach qi, has the effect of gastric motility medicine. As Zhang Xichunyun: "... Therefore, it is accompanied by the medicine that lowers the stomach, and the ochre, tangerine peel, and burdock in the square are also" ("Medical Sincerity in the West Record"). In short, burdock is cold and has a bitter taste. Cold can clear heat, bitterness can be laxative, hard energy can disperse, suitable for all kinds of heat poison and constipation. For example, "Medicinal Meaning" cloud: "Burdock can rise and fall, detoxify heat and poison, taste bitterness can clear the fire, bring Xin can relieve the wind, the main treatment... All poisonous fever..."
Treatment of synovitis
Burdock decoction for the treatment of spleen deficiency phlegm wet type of knee joint synovitis: knee osteoarthritis is more common in old age or non-inflammatory degeneration of joint cartilage caused by other reasons, and osteophytes form at the edges of the joints. Clinically it can produce symptoms such as joint pain, limited mobility and joint deformity. From May 2006 to May 2007, a hospital used burdock decoction to treat 50 cases of synovitis caused by knee osteoarthritis with spleen deficiency and phlegm, and achieved relatively satisfactory results.
Burdock soup main side: burdock seed 9g, zombie silkworm 9g, white tribulus terrestris 9g, solitary 6g, Qinjian 5g, Baizhi 5g, Banxia 6g, mulberry 9g.
The usage is decocted in the syrup, and the decoction room is processed for the solution. The drug is first soaked for half an hour, and then decocted under high temperature and high pressure in a decoction machine for 30 minutes, and then the liquid is filled into bags, 150ml per bag. Take orally twice daily, 1 sachet in the morning and 1 sachet. Every 7 pieces of Chinese medicine residue are brought back by the patient, and the residue is divided into 3 parts. When using, warm it in the microwave oven and then put it in a special cloth bag (length 28cm, width 16cm) tied to the knee, the temperature should not be too high, so as not to burn the skin, remove the medicine bag after cooling, and reheat it the next time you use it. 1 part of the residue is used for 2 days, and 3 parts can be used for 1 week. Take 1 month as a course of treatment, generally treat 1~2 courses.
Prevention of scarlet fever
Take burdock seeds and stir-fry into powder, sift and store for later use. 2~5 years old 1 gram each time, 5~9 years old 1.5 grams each time, 10~15 years old 2 grams each time, adults 3 grams each time, 3 times a day, after meals with warm water, a total of 2 days. During the epidemic period, in addition to taking medicine for prevention, attention should still be paid to controlling the source of infection and cutting off the transmission route. 344 cases were clinically observed, and 7 cases were affected; There were 327 cases of no disease within 12 days after taking the drug, accounting for 98%. Generally, the preventive effect of taking the drug within 3 days after exposure is better, and the preventive effect of taking the drug after 6 days is not good. If you contact again, you need to take it again.
