Drug Name: Eucommia eucommia leaf
Eucommia is a dried leaf of the eucommia family Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Harvested in summer and autumn when the foliage is in full bloom, dried in the sun or dried at low temperatures.
Attribution: into the liver; renal meridian
Efficacy: tonify liver and kidney; Strong muscles and bones; Lowers blood pressure
Indications: low back pain; soreness and weakness in the feet and knees; Hypertensive disease
Traits:The leaf surface of eucommia is oval or ovate, 7-15 cm long and 3.5-7 cm wide. The surface is yellow-green or yellow-brown, slightly shiny. The apex is tapering , the base is rounded broadly wedge-shaped, the edges are serrated , and there is a short petiole. Brittle, crumbled, broken with a small amount of silver-white rubber wire connected. Smell, slightly bitter taste.
Sexual taste and attribution: slightly spicy, warm. Return to the liver and kidney meridians.
Function and Indications: Nourish the belly and kidneys, strengthen the muscles and bones. It is used for liver and kidney insufficiency, dizziness, soreness in the waist and knees, and soft muscles and bones.
Usage and dosage: 10~15g.
Storage: Store in a dry place.
Pharmacological action:
1. Sedative and analgesic effect Eucommia decoction 20g/kg after giving mice gavage for 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, the number of spontaneous activities of mice was significantly reduced, and 2 hours were the most obvious. The hot plate method experiment confirmed that intraperitoneal injection of eucommia eucommia leaf decoction alcohol deposit 12g/kg in mice could increase the pain threshold of mice and have obvious analgesic effects.
2. The effect on the cardiovascular system
2.1. The effect on the heart Eucommia eucommia leaf decoction alcohol deposit 0.2g has a significant effect on the isolated heart of guinea pigs to significantly increase coronary blood flow. Rabbits injected 20g/kg intravenously had no antagonistic effect on ST-segment elevation and T wave changes caused by intravenous isoprenaline.
2.2. Antihypertensive effect The blood pressure of anesthetized dogs and cats decreased rapidly after intravenous injection of eucommia eucommia leaf decoction 0.4g/kg, and gradually recovered after maintaining it for 5 minutes; When intravenously administered above 1g/kg, blood pressure decreases significantly and can be maintained for a long time. Alcohol extract also has antihypertensive effect, but the antihypertensive amplitude and maintenance time are worse than that of decoction. Antihypertensive tests in anesthetized dogs and cats have proved that repeated intravenous administration of eucommia eucommia leaf decoction and alcohol extract in a short period of time can produce rapid tolerance, and continuous administration 3-4 times can not even have antihypertensive effect. The decoction of eucommia eucommia leaves and 65% ethanol extract 6g/kg intravenous injection can cause a significant decrease in blood pressure in rabbits. The aqueous solution, alcohol solution, ether solution of eucommia leaves and purified components such as sugars, alkaloids, peach leaf coralin and chlorogenic acid were injected intravenously to rabbits, all of which had different degrees of antihypertensive effects.
3. Effect on immune function Mice infused with 10g (crude drug)/kg of eucommia eucommia leaf decoction alcohol sediment, for 10 days, can inhibit the delayed hypersensitivity reaction caused by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), and can resist the decrease in the percentage of T cells caused by large doses of hydrocortisone, which can increase the percentage of T cells in the peripheral blood of tumor-bearing mice, enhance the phagocyte function of abdominal macrophages, and show biphasic regulatory effect on cellular immunity. Mice were given 6g/kg of eucommia leaf decoction daily for 6 days, which had the effect of improving the phagocytosis of carbon and ink particles in mice, and its effect on the clearance rate of carbon particles in the blood of mice was roughly equivalent to that of 3g/kg astragalus and Codonopsis ginseng group. Eucommia eucommia leaf decoction 12g/kg irrigation had a significant effect on the phagocyte function of mouse macrophages under the action of hydrocortisone, which increased phagocytosis vitality, indicating that eucommia eucommia has the effect of enhancing the body's immune function.
4. Anti-inflammatory effect Rats infused with eucommia eucommyl alcohol extract 10g/kg, which has an inhibitory effect on egg white foot swelling, but the effect is weaker than sodium salicylate. Rats infused with 6g/kg of eucommia leaf decoction had a significant inhibitory effect on egg white foot enoma, which could reduce eosinophils in peripheral blood, but did not reduce eosinophils in the peripheral blood of adrenal rats, indicating that the effect of eucommia eucommia depends on the presence of adrenal glands. Eucommia eucommia leaf decoction 10g/kg, administered for 5 days, can significantly reduce the percentage of lymphocytes in the blood of mice, and atrophy of the thymus gland in young mice. Eucommia decoction 10g/kg for 8 consecutive days can significantly increase plasma cortisol content and reduce vitamin C content in rat adrenal glands.
5. Effect on glucose metabolism Eucommia eucommia leaf decoction 10g/kg, gavage twice a day, for 8 days, can significantly increase the liver glycogen content of mice, and the blood sugar content can also increase significantly.
6. The effect on the uterus Eucommia leaf decoction and alcohol extract have inhibitory effects on the uterus of rats in vitro, and can resist the excitatory effect of acetylcholine on the uterus.
7. Other effects 10% eucommia leaf decoction is freely drunk by mice for 30 days, which has obvious anti-freezing effect and can significantly prolong the survival time of mice at -3 °C. Leaf water extract has anti-lipid peroxidation effect. Radioimmunoassay was used to observe that 10g/kg gavage of eucommia eucommia leaf decoction significantly increased the levels of cAMP and cGMP in mouse plasma.
8. Toxicity The half lethal amount of intraperitoneal injection of eucommia leaf decoction mice was 8.64 ±0.59g/kg. Mice were given 40g/kg of eucommia leaf decoction alcohol sediment every day for 3d, and no abnormalities were observed. Eucommia eucommia decoction alcohol sediment 12g/kg was given to rats for 21 consecutive days, and no histological changes were found.
Resource distribution: distributed in Hunan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Zhejiang, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and other places. It is now widely cultivated in various places.
Efficacy classification: Liver and kidney medicine; Strengthening musculoskeletal medicine; Antihypertensive drugs
Preparation method:
1. Eucommia leaves: remove impurities, cut into strips, and sift off ash chips.
2. Stir-fry eucommia leaves with salt: take the eucommia leaves, spray well with salted water, slightly stuffy, and stir-fry until there are scorched spots. 100kg per eucommia leaf, 2kg of salt.
Characteristics of drinking pieces: see "Identification of medicinal materials". Store in a dry container and place in a cool and dry place.
Sexual taste: slightly spicy; Sexual temperature
Medicinal base source: the leaves of eucommia eucommia.
Dosage: Internal consumption: decoction, 15-30g.
