Tomato Extract Lycopene

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Tomato extract lycopene is a very important class of carotenoids. Its singlet oxygen (1O2) oxidation rate constant is 100 times that of vitamin E and twice that of β2 carotene. Lycopene can effectively prevent prostate cancer, digestive tract cancer, cervical cancer, skin cancer and cardiovascular diseases, and its inhibitory effect on uterine cancer and lung cancer cells is significantly higher than that of β2-carotene and α2-carotene. And lycopene is also a micronutrient related to aging diseases in serum, which can inhibit the degenerative diseases related to aging. Lycopene has a very strong ability to protect lymphocytes from cell membrane damage or cell death caused by NO2 free radicals, and its ability to scavenge free radicals is also stronger than other carotenoids. Lycopene is a red coloring agent in tomato, pink grapefruit and palm oil. It is a linear derivative of carotene and has no vitamin A activity. It is used as a food coloring agent.

Lycopene, a carotenoid found in plant foods, is also a red pigment. Deep red needle crystal, soluble in chloroform, benzene and oil, insoluble in water. It is unstable to light and oxygen, and turns brown when it encounters iron. Molecular formula C40H56, relative molecular mass 536.85. There are 11 conjugated double bonds and 2 non-conjugated double bonds in the molecular structure, forming a straight-chain hydrocarbon. It does not have the physiological activity of vitamin A, but has a strong antioxidant function. The content is higher in ripe red plant fruits, especially in tomato, carrot, watermelon, papaya and guava. It can be used as a pigment in food processing, and is also often used as a raw material for antioxidant health food.

The content of ripe red plant fruits is higher, especially in tomatoes, carrots, watermelons, papayas and guavas. It can be used as pigment in food processing, and also as raw material of antioxidant health food.

1.1 Composition

Lycopene is an unsaturated olefin compound, the main pigment in ripe tomatoes, and one of the common carotenoids. Lycopene does not have the β-carotene ring structure of β-carotene, so it cannot be converted into vitamin A in the body and does not belong to provitamin A. The molecular formula is C40H56, and there are many cis and trans isomers. Lycopene is a fat-soluble substance, hardly soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol, soluble in ether, petroleum ether, hexane, acetone, and easily soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform, carbon disulfide, and benzene. There are 11 conjugated double bonds and 2 non-conjugated double bonds in the lycopene molecule, so its stability is very poor, and it is prone to cis-trans isomerization and oxidative degradation. Factors affecting the stability of lycopene include oxygen, light, heat, acid, metal ions, oxidants and antioxidants, etc.

1.2 Extract source

Lycopene is not only distributed in tomatoes, but also in fruits such as watermelon, pumpkin, plum, persimmon, pepper fruit, peach, papaya, mango, guava, grape, grapefruit, cranberry, cloudberry, citrus, etc. Leaves and roots of radishes, carrots, rutabaga, etc. Lycopene in tomato and its products is the main source of carotenoids in Western diet, and the human body obtains lycopene from tomato accounts for more than 80% of the total intake. Lycopene widely exists in various organs and tissues of the human body. Mainly distributed in human blood, adrenal gland, liver, testis, prostate, breast, ovary, uterus, digestive tract and other organs, among which blood, adrenal gland, liver, testis, etc. contain more lycopene.

2.1 Color rendering ability
Lycopene is a natural red pigment, how to maintain its strongest coloring power is very important. Lycopene in tomato fruit exists in two states: most of it is in the form of elongated, needle-like crystals in chromoplasts, showing a bright red color. When the crystals of lycopene are formed, the plastid membrane disappears, and the pigment crystals are freely dispersed in the protoplasm. When observed under a microscope, small granular colored bodies can be seen, which illustrates the color of the colored bodies; another small part (about 10%), it forms a complex with protein and exists in the cell. Lycopene has different colors and intensities in different forms, and it will show different colors with different solvents and media. For example, lycopene dissolved in petroleum ether is yellow and red in carbon disulfide.

2.2 Solubility
Lycopene is a fat-soluble pigment, soluble in other lipids and non-polar solvents, insoluble in water, insoluble in strong polar solvents such as methanol, ethanol, etc., Soluble in organic solvents such as aliphatic hydrocarbons. The solubility of lycopene in various solvents increases with the increase of temperature, but the more pure the sample, the more difficult it is to dissolve. Crystalline lycopene dissolves slowly and tends to form a supersaturated state. Although increasing the temperature can accelerate its dissolution, crystallization may occur when cooling. At this time, ultrasonic waves can be used to accelerate its dissolution. Although pure lycopene is insoluble in water, it has high solubility when it combines with certain substances such as proteins to form complexes.

Health Benefits

According to the latest pharmacological experiments, Lycopene has the following effects on health:

Enhance the oxidative stress capacity and anti-inflammatory effect: oxidative damage is considered to be one of the main reasons for the increased incidence of cancer and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The ability of lycopene to quench singlet oxygen is a commonly used antioxidant at present β- The carotene content is more than 2 times that of vitamin E and 100 times that of vitamin E.

Protection of heart and brain blood vessels: lycopene can deeply remove blood vessel garbage, regulate plasma cholesterol concentration, protect low-density lipoprotein (LDL) from oxidation, repair and improve oxidized cells.

Protect skin: lycopene also has the function of reducing skin damage from radiation or ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

Enhance immunity : Lycopene can activate immune cells, protect phagocytes from oxidative damage, promote the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes, stimulate the function of effector T cells, promote the production of certain interleukins and inhibit the generation of inflammatory mediators.

 Health products and sports supplements: mainly used for anti-oxidation, anti-aging, enhancing immunity, regulating blood lipids, etc;

 Cosmetics: It has the effects of anti-oxidation, anti allergy and whitening.

 Food and beverage: NPD data shows that there are 20 new products: 7 in bread, breakfast cereals and other fields; 7 species in the field of processed meat, fish and eggs; 7 kinds of dairy products; 6 kinds of chocolate and candy; 5 kinds of sauces and condiments; 5 kinds of dessert and ice cream. Its application in dairy products not only keeps the nutrition of dairy products but also enriches their health functions.

 Application in meat products: Lycopene is the main component of red pigment in tomatoes and other fruits. It has strong antioxidant capacity and good physiological functions. It can be used as a fresh-keeping agent and colorant for meat products. In addition, the acidity of tomato products rich in lycopene will reduce the pH value of meat products and inhibit the growth of putrefactive microorganisms to a certain extent. Therefore, it can be used as a preservative for meat products to partially replace nitrite.

 Application in edible oil: Lycopene has superior physiological function and strong antioxidant capacity, which can effectively quench singlet oxygen and eliminate free radicals, and inhibit lipid peroxidation. Therefore, its addition to edible oil can alleviate grease deterioration.

 Medical application: Lycopene is a drug with the main active ingredient. Its main functions include lowering blood pressure, treating high blood cholesterol, hyperlipidemia, and reducing cancer cells.

 Lycopene can be used as a dietary supplement to maintain human health. Lycopene, manufactured in Japan, has been widely used in beverages, cold foods, meat products, and baked goods.

Other apps:

As a potential carotenoid compound, lycopene cannot be synthesized in the body itself and must be obtained through diet and other supplements. After discovering the physiological function of lycopene, Ly-cored Natural Products Industries Ltd. from Israel developed a series of lycopene products. In addition, the Henkel Company of the United States and the Makhtshim Company of Japan have also produced drugs with lycopene as the main component. Its main functions include lowering blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, treating hyperlipidemia, reducing cancer cells, etc., with good curative effect. At present, there are almost no reports on the application of lycopene as a food or medicinal raw material in China. this
Lycopene can be used as a dietary supplement to maintain human health. Manufactured in Japan, lycopene resin is widely used in beverages, cold foods, meat products and baked goods. Due to the special function of lycopene, the production of antioxidant health capsules or the preparation of pharmaceutical doses with other medicinal plants has also become a functional factor in the development of functional foods in the modern sense.

Lycopene is a natural red pigment, how to maintain its strongest coloring power is very important. Lycopene in tomato fruit exists in two states: most of it exists in chromoplasts in the form of elongated, needle-like crystals, showing a bright red color. When the crystals of lycopene are formed, the plastid membrane disappears, and the pigment crystals are freely dispersed in the protoplasm. When observed under a microscope, small granular colored bodies can be seen, which illustrates the color of the colored bodies; another small part (about 10%) and form complexes with proteins and exist in cells. Lycopene has different colors and intensities in different forms, and it will show different colors with different solvents and media. For example, lycopene dissolved in petroleum ether is yellow, and it is red in carbon disulfide. Lycopene is a promising functional natural pigment.

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